Question 1: What is your Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) like today?

Question 2: Have any treatments or strategies helped you manage your VSS symptoms?

Question 3: Have you tried Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Therapy (NORT) or Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) to address your VSS symptoms?

Important Note

I believe in science-informed decision-making that prioritizes your personal health and comfort levels. Everyone is different, and this holds true for Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) as well. VSS can present in various ways, and each case can differ based on numerous factors, which are outlined on our Types of Visual Snow page. My experience is personal and does not represent the experience of everyone living with VSS. The insights I have shared reflect my journey, but it is essential to recognize that what works for me may not work for others. Until research identifies a method that works for everyone, it is important to make decisions that align with your symptoms, preferences, and medical history, and always do so with the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

An Overview of My Visual Snow Syndrome

Since experiencing the onset of Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) at age 21 years-old in 2015, my condition has changed significantly. (For more information about the onset of my VSS and journey navigating the condition to start VSI, please refer to our Founder & Backstory page.)

In the beginning, I dealt with nearly every visual and non-visual symptom associated with VSS. (For a comprehensive list of VSS symptoms, please refer to our Diagnostic Criteria page.)

Note: The symptoms with an asterisk (*) were the most debilitating for me.

Visual Symptoms I Experienced:

• Visual Snow *: Dynamic, snow-like dots across the entire visual field, resembling TV static.
• Palinopsia *: Continuing to see an image after the stimulus has been removed, such as seeing afterimages or trails.
• Photophobia *: Sensitivity or intolerance to light, causing discomfort or pain in bright conditions.
• Migraine Aura: Neurological symptoms (often visual) before or during a migraine, like flashing lights or zigzag patterns.
• Enhanced Entoptic Phenomena: Excessive floaters and rings of light shooting across the entire visual field, more noticeable when looking at bright surfaces like the blue sky.
• Nyctalopia: Impaired night vision, or difficulty seeing in low-light or nighttime environments.
• Excessive Floaters: Moving spots or strands in the visual field due to clumps in the vitreous humor.
• Diplopia: Double vision, where a single object appears as two distinct images.
• Halos Around Objects: Light forming a halo or ring around objects, particularly noticeable at night.
• Starbursts: Light sources appearing as star-like shapes with rays radiating from them.

Non-Visual Symptoms Included:

• Tinnitus *: Ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in the ears with no external source.
• Depersonalization *: A feeling of detachment from oneself, as though observing one’s own actions or body from the outside.
• Anxiety *: Persistent feelings of nervousness, fear, or worry, often with physical symptoms like increased heart rate. 
• Depression *: Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.
• Migraines *: Severe headaches often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and light/sound sensitivity.
• Brain Fog *: Confusion, forgetfulness, and lack of mental clarity, making it hard to think clearly.
• Paresthesia *: Abnormal skin sensations, like tingling or “pins and needles” feelings.
• Sensory Disturbances *: Brief electric shock-like sensations or “brain zaps.”
• Sensory Hypersensitivity (Hyperesthesia) *: Increased sensitivity to sensory stimuli (light, sound, touch, etc.).
• Frequent Fight-or-Flight Episodes Due to Sensory Overload *: Overwhelming sensory input triggering physiological responses like increased heart rate and anxiety.
• Dizziness: A feeling of lightheadedness or a loss of balance, sometimes accompanied by vertigo or a sensation of spinning.
• Nausea: A sensation of needing to vomit, often accompanied by discomfort in the stomach.

Considerations Regarding Specific Symptoms

Anxiety and Depression

These symptoms developed in response to the prolonged medical uncertainty and lack of recognition surrounding Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) at the time of onset. Due to limited awareness within the medical community, clinicians unfamiliar with VSS offered speculative and alarming differential diagnoses (including irreversible vision loss or life-threatening conditions) without diagnostic clarity or treatment guidance. This diagnostic ambiguity, combined with the absence of resources, contributed to significant physical and emotional stress. I had already faced medical conditions that virtually nobody had heard of, like Autoimmune Dysregulation and Erythromelalgia, which I had been managing since childhood. But being forced to prove the legitimacy of VSS while also managing its debilitating symptoms added a unique challenge. These factors contributed to the development of anxiety, depressive symptoms, and ultimately Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), consistent with trauma stemming from medical invalidation and prolonged uncertainty.

Insomnia

I have experienced chronic insomnia for several years prior to the onset of Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), largely due to discomfort associated with various medical conditions I have dealt with since childhood, including Autoimmune Dysregulation and Erythromelalgia. These conditions often flare at night, exacerbating my sleep disturbances. Following the onset of VSS, my insomnia significantly worsened, primarily due to the persistent visual disturbances and constant tinnitus, which severely impaired my ability to sleep. The visual snow remained present even in the absence of external visual stimuli, such as when my eyes were closed, further hindering rest.

Migraines, Nausea, and Dizziness

I had a history of migraines, nausea, and dizziness prior to the onset of VSS, typically triggered by common factors that affect individuals without underlying medical conditions. However, the severity of these episodes increased dramatically following the onset of VSS. The frequency and intensity of the migraines escalated, accompanied by heightened nausea and dizziness, which continued to worsen after the condition’s onset.

Dehydration and Hypoglycemia-Induced Visual Disturbances

Before VSS, the only comparable visual disturbances I had experienced were “seeing stars” or experiencing lights in my field of vision, typically associated with dehydration or hypoglycemia. These symptoms were transient and resolved promptly upon rehydration or normalization of blood glucose levels. However, these visual phenomena were distinct from the persistent visual disturbances associated with VSS.

Description of Symptom Impact

My VSS symptoms, including visual snow and palinopsia, were persistent and constant, accompanied by tinnitus, paresthesia, and various sensory disturbances. These visual and sensory disruptions became the baseline of my daily experience. The tinnitus was particularly intrusive, characterized by a high-pitched, sharp sound that fluctuated in intensity but remained consistently distracting.

Additionally, I endured daily migraine episodes, both with and without aura. Some of these lasted for several hours, while others stretched on for days, with the longest lasting 12 consecutive days without relief. The frequency and severity of these migraines, coupled with the persistent tinnitus, made routine tasks increasingly difficult.

The paresthesia was equally debilitating, manifesting as pins-and-needles and electric shock-like sensations across my hands, feet, face, and scalp. These sensory disturbances further contributed to cognitive dysfunction, impairing my ability to think clearly, process thoughts, and recall memories. My once-ordinary activities, such as watching television, playing video games, listening to music, running errands, and attending social events, became nearly impossible. The constant sensory overload triggered my autonomic nervous system, prompting a fight-or-flight response that forced me to retreat from these situations.

Alongside these sensory and cognitive challenges, I experienced a profound sense of depersonalization, feeling detached from the world and as if I were separated from my environment. This was a new and intensely distressing experience that had not occurred prior to the onset of VSS.

Visually, the static from the visual snow varied in intensity, fluctuating between moderate and dense patterns. It appeared as thousands of pixelated, strobing dots in colors ranging from black, white, and gray to pale gold, bright red, and blue. This static obstructed my field of vision significantly, making even simple tasks, such as reading or identifying faces, incredibly difficult. Faces of loved ones appeared distorted, further exacerbating the sense of isolation.

The texture of the static was dynamic, typically moving rapidly, but I noticed that abrupt movements or changes in position would intensify the static, either speeding it up or slowing it down. Once I stabilized, the static would return to its original state.

On a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being the most severe, I would classify my initial experience with VSS as a 10, reflecting the overwhelming impact of the condition on my daily life.

My Personal Experience with Medications for VSS

In my quest to alleviate the symptoms of Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), I explored virtually every treatment option available, from traditional medicine to alternative therapies. Unfortunately, most of these treatments (whether medications or supplements) provided no relief and, in many cases, worsened my symptoms.

Under medical guidance, I was prescribed a variety of neurological medications in an attempt to manage my symptoms. However, these medications exacerbated my condition. Common side effects associated with medications prescribed for brain-related disorders and migraines, such as syncope, narcolepsy, blurred vision, slurred speech, worsened migraines, and tachycardia, emerged alongside my existing symptoms. These new complications further complicated my ability to manage the condition.

I also tried various supplements, hoping they might offer a safer, less invasive alternative. However, these supplements induced additional side effects and did not alleviate my symptoms. This experience highlighted the unpredictable nature of over-the-counter treatments, many of which are not subject to the same regulatory standards as prescription medications.

Medications and supplements can worsen VSS due to their potential to disrupt the brain’s excitatory-inhibitory balance. VSS is associated with cortical hyperexcitability, thalamocortical dysrhythmia, and heightened glutamate activity. Medications that increase glutamatergic signaling or reduce GABAergic inhibition can intensify these symptoms. This includes common classes of medications such as SSRIs, SNRIs, stimulants, triptans, and antipsychotics, all of which can affect serotonin or thalamic regulation. Furthermore, hallucinogens and certain recreational drugs can exacerbate VSS through serotonergic disruption.

Supplements can pose additional risks due to their potential to alter brain chemistry, specifically serotonin, glutamate, or GABA. This may worsen cortical hyperexcitability and the associated symptoms of VSS. Many supplements are unregulated, contain undisclosed ingredients, or interact unpredictably with other medications, making them especially dangerous without medical supervision.

During the early days of the Visual Snow Initiative, I had the opportunity to speak with researchers specializing in Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), including those who had authored studies on the pharmacological treatments available for VSS. These experts strongly advised me against pursuing further medications or supplements until more was understood about the condition. As discussed previously, the pharmacological interventions explored for VSS have generally been ineffective, either not benefiting most individuals with VSS or not providing any significant relief. Moreover, these treatments often led to harmful side effects, which exacerbated the symptoms of VSS and posed a risk to overall health.

For the small subset of individuals who reported slight improvements with certain medications, it is important to note that the same medications have been linked to triggering the onset of VSS in others. This connection underscores the complexity of pharmacological interventions in VSS and highlights the necessity for safer, more effective treatment options. This is one of the driving factors behind our support of research into both pharmacological and noninvasive treatment options that prioritize safety and efficacy.

My Personal Experience with Musculoskeletal Therapies, Adjustments, and Acupuncture

Given that the intensity of my visual snow sometimes varied with abrupt movements, I sought treatments such as neck, back, and head adjustments, as well as acupuncture and pressure point therapies, in the hope of finding relief. While I did experience temporary changes in the static during rapid positional shifts, the visual snow consistently returned to its baseline, and the overall intensity of my symptoms remained unchanged. Though acupuncture and adjustments provided some relief from musculoskeletal tension, they did not alleviate my visual symptoms.

As I learned more about VSS and its underlying neurochemical mechanisms, I began to understand why these therapies did not offer lasting benefits for me personally. VSS is a neurological and neurochemical condition, primarily rooted in central nervous system dysfunction, particularly cortical hyperexcitability and thalamocortical dysrhythmia. Current scientific research, including functional MRI (fMRI), PET scans, and EEG studies, has shown that VSS is characterized by abnormal visual processing in the brain’s visual cortex. These findings suggest that disruptions in visual processing are not related to musculoskeletal alignment or peripheral pressure points.

While adjustments and acupuncture may provide general well-being and temporary relief from musculoskeletal tension, based on the current body of scientific research at the time I am writing this, they appear to lack the ability to alter the brain’s excitatory-inhibitory balance or address the specific neural network disruptions that are central to VSS. For me personally, these therapies did not improve my visual snow symptoms, though I do believe they can be helpful for managing pain and tension. They have been beneficial in relieving physical tension or aches in the past, but they did not impact my visual snow.

My Personal Experience with TMS

Prior to founding the Visual Snow Initiative, I initially tried transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) under the supervision of a provider who did not have any understanding of Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), and it did not help me personally. However, after speaking with researchers and gaining a better understanding of the condition, I learned that specific mechanisms in VSS must be targeted for TMS to be effective. I also recognize that scientific evidence has shown TMS to be effective for certain other neurological conditions. For this reason, I remain open to it as a potential treatment for VSS, and I have faith in researchers working to identify the best application for it. Recognizing its scientific validity and potential to help when applied properly, the Visual Snow Initiative supports exploring TMS and repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) as possible interventions for treating VSS in multiple countries, as outlined on our Research with VSI page.

My Personal Outlook on Diet, Exercise, and VSS

In my personal experience, there were no specific dietary restrictions that had an impact on my Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) other than eliminating alcohol and caffeine. I believe that, unless you have a medical condition or an upcoming procedure that requires dietary restrictions, it is important to maintain a healthy, balanced diet that is not overly restrictive. Unsupervised restrictive eating can be harmful to your overall health. It is essential to recognize that inadequate intake of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals can negatively affect brain function and general health, potentially exacerbating VSS symptoms. For me, maintaining adequate levels of these nutrients has been a key consideration in managing my health, and these levels can be monitored through lab work by a healthcare provider. Prioritizing a brain-healthy diet is beneficial both for those with VSS and for those without it.

In many cases, when clinicians are unsure of how to address a condition, they may recommend diet and exercise as default interventions. While these lifestyle changes can be beneficial for some individuals, they may have little to no effect for others, especially when the underlying condition requires more specialized treatment. In the case of Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), however, diet and exercise do play a role in influencing the brain and nervous system. Although they may not resolve VSS entirely, prioritizing brain health through proper nutrition and physical activity can potentially reduce the severity of VSS symptoms. For individuals with neurological conditions such as VSS, focusing on brain health may be beneficial in order to mitigate further progression of symptoms or complications.

Exploring Treatment Options for Visual Snow Syndrome

The treatment options and strategies shared here are based on what has helped me and many others with VSS. (For a full list of evidence-based methods and tips for managing VSS symptoms, please visit our Treating Visual Snow page.) While I understand that not all approaches work for everyone, as each case of VSS is unique, I want to share what has worked for me because I experienced a particularly debilitating form of VSS. My hope is that these methods might help others who are facing similar challenges. It is important to me that individuals with VSS have access to information about available options that may benefit them and can decide what works best with guidance from a qualified medical professional.

Ultimately, the choice of treatment is up to each individual, but the information we provide is grounded in scientific evidence and clinical research. We do not accept sponsorships and ensure that the strategies shared are supported by credible studies. If you come across a published scientific paper on VSS with helpful methods, please feel free to send it to us via our Contact page.

For example, medications worsened my VSS symptoms. However, while there is no solid scientific evidence showing that any medication is consistently safe and effective for VSS, we still share information about medications so that individuals can make informed decisions about what works for them. Some may find benefit, even if medications did not work for me.

My team and I understand that what works for one person may not work for another. We provide information that allows individuals to make informed decisions about their health. By focusing on scientifically backed methods, we can help those affected by VSS explore options that may work for them and choose the approach that best fits their unique needs.

Background and Research Approach

In addition to my personal experience with VSS, my academic background includes expertise in health communication and behavioral science, with an emphasis on qualitative data analysis. I was also certified by the CITI Program in Human Subjects Research (HSR), specifically in Social-Behavioral-Educational Research. My work as a neuroscience research collaborator alongside international VSS researchers, as well as my role on the International Advisory Board for the Columbia-WHO Center for Global Mental Health, further enriched this foundation. These experiences provided me with a deep understanding of subliminal factors, the potential impact of placebos in clinical research, and a comprehensive global perspective on neurological conditions and their associated challenges.

While I remain open-minded to various treatment options, I approach new interventions through a scientifically informed lens, emphasizing the importance of empirical evidence and rigorous evaluation. Personally, I prioritize critical thinking, striving to maintain a balanced perspective and ensuring I consider the full spectrum of evidence before drawing conclusions or advocating for any particular treatment. This combination of academic training, professional experience, and personal insight has shaped my approach to evaluating potential solutions for Visual Snow Syndrome.

The Journey from Struggle to Improvement: My Experience with Visual Snow Syndrome and Founding VSI

The challenging experience I described earlier marked the beginning of my personal journey with Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS). Today, I am happy to say that my situation is much different. On average, I would rate my VSS as a 3/10. On the worst days, typically tied to stress, hormonal changes, or viral illness, it can increase to a 4/10. On better days, when my symptoms are nearly imperceptible, it can drop to a 2/10. While these methods have also helped many others, I want to share the approaches that have worked for me personally. These methods have significantly improved my VSS, which was once a debilitating 10/10, and the symptoms I experienced have either reduced or resolved entirely. Many of these methods are outlined on the Treating Visual page, but I will offer more details on what worked for me.

While my VSS symptoms have improved and my quality of life is largely restored, I will never forget the physical and emotional trauma I endured due to my symptoms, as well as the medical community’s initial denial of VSS and the lack of resources. Learning that individuals of all ages around the world had faced similar struggles was heartbreaking and further fueled my desire to help. When founding VSI, it was important to me to work toward bringing representation and driving progress toward meaningful solutions for those affected by Visual Snow Syndrome, a condition that, when I first experienced its onset in 2015, lacked recognition, research, and any clear path forward. Having lived through this, I hope that our work leads to increased awareness and that future research fosters greater understanding of VSS and continued progress.

Other Health Considerations to Note

As discussed in my previous Q&A article, Sierra Domb Q&A – Part 4 – Navigating Health Challenges with Resilience: Education through Adversity, it is important to clarify that Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) is not the only medical condition I manage.

I was diagnosed with Autoimmune Dysregulation as a child, and while I have had Erythromelalgia since childhood, I was formally diagnosed in young adulthood. These two conditions are closely linked. In 2015, I experienced the sudden onset of VSS, which added a complex layer to my health journey and contributed to the development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

My Autoimmune Dysregulation improved temporarily with corticosteroid treatments during my youth, which alleviated symptoms but also caused side effects such as Cushing’s Syndrome. Despite the temporary relief, the condition persisted, continuing to flare up due to factors like viral illness and stress. The unpredictable nature of both Autoimmune Dysregulation and Erythromelalgia, where symptoms can fluctuate dramatically, often leads to physical pain, immunocompromisation, frustration, and significant emotional and mental tolls. This became even more complicated with the onset of VSS and the PTSD that followed.

Many of my symptoms overlap between these health conditions. For example, insomnia is a shared symptom between VSS, Autoimmune Dysregulation, and Erythromelalgia.

Symptom Resolution and Improvement in Visual Snow Syndrome

All the following symptoms are resolved (from 10/10 to 1/10):

• Excessive floaters
• Diplopia
• Starbursts
• Halos
• Nyctalopia (my night vision is not bad anymore; rather, seeing static just obstructs my vision in general regardless of the time of day)
• “Brain zaps” and electrical shock sensations
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Paresthesia
• Brain fog
• Migraine aura
• Depersonalization

All of the following symptoms have improved, meaning I still have them, but they are much better:

• Visual Snow/Static (10/10 to 3/10): Today, I still see visual snow. But my static has reduced significantly. It intensifies slightly when I am stressed, my body is experiencing hormonal fluctuations, or I am fighting a viral illness, as do all my remaining symptoms. Whereas it used to be intense and all-encompassing throughout my visual, sometimes, the static is so negligible that I forget it is even there. I would imagine when people say visual snow is “no big deal,” this is what they see. However, I will never and can never forget how intense my static was before; it was debilitating. For countless individuals with VSS, that is what their static is like; I can relate to and understand exactly why it debilitates or frustrates them.
• Tinnitus (10/10 to 2/10): Used to be constant and now, only occurs sparingly, primarily when I am trying to sleep, stressed, or fighting a viral illness.
• Palinopsia (still present but went from a 10/10 to a 5/10)
• Photophobia (10/10 to 4/10): Much better compared to before, I can comfortably be outside and look at bright, dynamic stimuli; for the remaining discomfort I still have, sunglasses and FL-41 lenses/sunglasses can take this from a 4/10 to a 2/10.
• Enhanced Entoptic Phenomena (10/10 to 5/10): Still present but severity reduced; FL-41 lenses/sunglasses have helped make this more comfortable.
• Migraines (10/10 to 3/10): No longer experiencing prolonged or daily episodes with aura; now, typically 2-3 days a month in association with my hormonal cycle, and no migraine aura is present, or during prolonged sun exposure.
• Depersonalization (10/10 to 3/10): I used to experience this symptom ceaselessly post-VSS, and it was highly uncomfortable. Today, most times, I genuinely feel present in the moment, as though I am no longer detached or there is a barrier between my physical surroundings and I; my cognitive fog has also reduced, and I can easily form or connect thoughts as I did prior to VSS.
• Insomnia (10/10 to 5/10): I still struggle with insomnia because Erythromelalgia, unrelated to my VSS, often flares-up at night, and I sometimes get tinnitus. I mitigate this by putting a fan on, which is my cost-effective version of a white noise machine and surprisingly effective at drowning out the ringing in my ears.
• Anxiety and Depression: While I still experience anxiety and depression, they are not caused by my VSS symptoms anymore (instead, they are caused by post-trauma and other life stresses that neurotypical individuals may also experience.) The PTSD induced by my VSS journey has also improved.
• Sensory Hypersensitivity (Hyperesthesia) and Frequent Fight-or-Flight Episodes Induced by Sensory Overload: I was unable to tolerate the sensory input (visual and auditory stimuli) from watching television, movies, and videos, playing video games, being on the computer, being in a supermarket, or attending shows and concerts. Now, I can do all these activities. On our Tips for Managing Visual Snow Syndrome page, what has helped me personally and others with this is outlined in the “Mitigating Sensory Overload in Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS)” section.

What has helped me achieve this is a combination of methods listed below (in no particular order):

Note: I am not a physician, nor am I giving medical advice. These are the methods that have worked for me personally. Consulting with a qualified healthcare provider is essential for determining the most appropriate personalized approach for managing one’s condition.

1. Focusing on optimizing nervous system and brain health (through the various methods outlined below and linked here)

2. Eliminating alcohol and caffeine

The relationship between alcohol, caffeine, and neurological conditions like VSS is well documented, but the impact can vary significantly depending on individual symptoms, medical history, and other factors. While some individuals can tolerate moderate amounts of these substances without noticeable effects, others may need to avoid them to manage their condition.

Anything that affects the brain, especially substances influencing neuroplasticity, neurotransmitters, or overall brain function, can have an impact on neurological disorders like VSS. In the case of VSS, hyperexcitability in the brain plays a key role, with neurons becoming overly sensitive or overly active. This is coupled with downregulation in other areas of the brain and imbalances in neurotransmitters, particularly glutamate and serotonin. Both alcohol and caffeine affect these systems, potentially worsening symptoms for individuals with VSS. This was certainly true in my own experience.

Caffeine and alcohol impact neurotransmitter regulation, but in different ways. Caffeine temporarily increases serotonin levels, yet chronic use leads to downregulation of serotonin receptors, making them less responsive over time. This can intensify symptoms like anxiety, depression, and depersonalization. Caffeine also influences glutamate, the brain’s primary excitatory neurotransmitter. While glutamate is essential for cognitive function, excessive activity can result in excitotoxicity, where neurons are overstimulated, potentially causing damage. This is particularly concerning for individuals with VSS, as the condition is already marked by hyperexcitability.

Alcohol similarly disrupts neurotransmitter balance, particularly affecting glutamate transmission. It is linked to inhibited activity in NMDA receptors, or N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors, which play a critical role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. This interference can impair cognitive function and worsen symptoms such as anxiety, depression, sensory disturbances, and insomnia. Like caffeine, alcohol may initially boost serotonin levels, but chronic consumption leads to downregulation of serotonin receptors, reducing their sensitivity and contributing to long-term neurochemical imbalances.

For individuals with VSS, the combination of brain hyperexcitability and downregulation of neurotransmitter systems like serotonin and glutamate can amplify symptoms. Although further research is needed to fully understand these mechanisms, my own experience with eliminating caffeine and alcohol helped maintain a more balanced neurological environment, making it easier to manage my VSS symptoms and improve my overall quality of life.

2. Using Specialized Tinted Lenses/Sunglasses and Chromatic Filters

I always keep them with me. Specialized tinted lenses/sunglasses and chromatic filters are effective tools for reducing photophobia and lessening visual disturbances associated with Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS).

These lenses and filters are designed to alleviate symptoms of light sensitivity, which are common in conditions such as migraines, photophobia, and neurological disorders. They are tinted to filter specific wavelengths of light, particularly in the blue-green spectrum (480-520 nm), which research has shown can trigger or worsen photophobia and migraines. By selectively blocking these wavelengths, they reduce the intensity of light entering the eyes, which can minimize discomfort and visual disturbances. Additionally, they help reduce glare, soften harsh lighting, improve contrast sensitivity, and alleviate stress on the visual system.

Scientific research supports the use of chromatic filters in managing symptoms of VSS. Studies have demonstrated that filtering certain wavelengths of light can improve visual discomfort and reduce sensory overload, both of which are key issues in VSS. Chromatic filters have been shown to influence brain activity related to visual processing, helping to address the hyperexcitability in the brain, a known factor in VSS. Research has also found that specific chromatic filters can reduce the frequency and severity of visual disturbances in individuals with light sensitivity and neurological conditions, such as VSS. In my personal experience, using specialized tinted lenses and chromatic filters has contributed to better symptom management, allowing me to navigate daily activities more comfortably.

Although my symptoms have improved to the point where I no longer rely on them constantly, I still use these tools in specific situations. For example, they are especially helpful when driving on sunny days, participating in outdoor activities, or being indoors in environments with bright fluorescent lighting (such as in hospital offices). I also find them useful in visually complex spaces like markets, or during events like concerts or shows with triggering visuals like strobe lights and pyrotechnics.

While I personally prefer FL-41 tinted lenses, the type of specialized tinted lenses or chromatic filters that may be most beneficial to you depends on your unique symptoms. The Visual Snow Initiative provides more detailed information on this topic on our Treating Visual Snow > Chromatic Filters page, and NORT providers typically incorporate these tools into their practices. Research has shown that both specialized tinted lenses/sunglasses and chromatic filters can help reduce light intensity, alleviate visual symptoms, and mitigate discomfort from photophobia, ultimately improving the quality of life for many affected by VSS and other neuro-ophthalmological conditions.

Noninvasive Treatments That Have Been Explored in Clinical Practice and Research

As explained in the previous question and answer, “Are there any medications or pharmacological treatments for Visual Snow Syndrome?”, clinical trials involving pharmacological agents in the VSS patient population have thus far demonstrated limited to no efficacy, with adverse effects often outweighing potential benefits. As a result, the exploration of noninvasive therapeutic modalities has been a central focus of ongoing research efforts conducted through the Visual Snow Initiative and its Global Research Team. Among these, I have undergone Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Therapy (NORT), also known as neuro-vision therapy, as well as Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), both of which were aimed at reducing the severity of my VSS symptoms. In the following sections, I will share how each of these interventions has affected my condition.

4. Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Therapy (NORT), or Neuro-Vision Therapy for Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS)

As described in Sierra Domb Q&A – Part 4 – Navigating Health Challenges with Resilience: Education through Adversity, I was born with Autoimmune Dysregulation and Erythromelalgia. These conditions are characterized by unpredictable flares, chronic inflammation, physical pain, and immune system dysfunction. As a result, I am considered immunocompromised and have historically needed to take extra precautions regarding infection risk.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, my physicians strongly advised against travel due to my immunocompromised status. Additionally, at that time, public health ordinances in my area included travel restrictions and stay-at-home protocols, which I followed in alignment with medical recommendations and local policy. Consequently, although I had already scheduled my NORT session prior to the 2022 Visual Snow Initiative (VSI) Summit, I was unable to participate in person.

At the Summit, where Dr. Shidlofsky and Dr. Tsang formally introduced the NORT protocol, I spoke openly about my travel limitations, my excitement to begin NORT, and my optimism about its potential based on early observations, clinical rationale, and patient-reported outcomes. Even before beginning the treatment myself, the Visual Snow Initiative (VSI) team and I recognized the importance of sharing this information transparently with the VSS community. We believed that increasing awareness of emerging, research-supported noninvasive treatments could help others make informed decisions about their care. Our aim was to provide individuals with access to potential options that might improve their quality of life, while also contributing to the ongoing research and understanding of VSS treatments.

At that time, our team was also supporting a clinical study to further evaluate NORT’s effects on VSS symptoms. The results of that study were later published in Frontiers in Neurology under the title “The efficacy of neuro-optometric visual rehabilitation therapy in patients with visual snow syndrome.” 

Once it became safer for immunocompromised individuals to engage in in-person care, and after addressing a resurgence of symptoms related to my autoimmune conditions, I proceeded with the full NORT program. The treatment was tailored to my specific symptoms and lasted 12 weeks. I maintained consistency throughout to ensure adherence and accurate tracking of any c

Although some of my VSS symptoms had stabilized with time and adaptation, many had not improved prior to therapy. After completing the NORT program, I experienced significant positive changes. My diplopia, starbursts, and halos diminished to the point of becoming negligible.

Upon completing the NORT program, however, I experienced significant improvements in my visual function, which had a profound impact on my overall condition.

Scientific research supports the role of NORT in treating various visual and perceptual disturbances associated with neurological conditions like VSS. Studies have shown that neuro-vision therapy, including NORT, can lead to improvements in visual processing, ocular motility, and the brain’s ability to adapt to sensory distortions. NORT specifically targets the integration of visual input with brain processing, which is crucial in individuals with VSS, where abnormal visual perceptions often occur due to dysfunctional processing of visual stimuli.

In my own case, the improvements were both significant and noticeable. Diplopia (double vision), starbursts, and halos around objects diminished to the point of becoming negligible. These are common visual disturbances in VSS, often linked to faulty binocular vision and improper processing of visual input. The therapeutic exercises in NORT aim to strengthen the coordination between the eyes and brain, improving how visual information is processed and reducing these symptoms.

Additionally, other visual symptoms, such as palinopsia (afterimages), nyctalopia (night blindness), and perceptual distortions, showed considerable improvement. Research on NORT has demonstrated that targeted visual rehabilitation can enhance visual perception, especially in low-light conditions, which is key for individuals experiencing night blindness (nyctalopia) as part of their VSS symptoms.

While my visual snow/static, the hallmark symptom of VSS, did not fully resolve, there was a slight reduction in its intensity. This aligns with clinical findings that neuro-vision therapy, by improving visual acuity and overall processing, can reduce the prominence of visual disturbances, even if it does not eliminate them entirely. 

Additionally, the therapy resulted in ancillary benefits, including reduced eye fatigue, fewer dry eye symptoms, and a decrease in headache frequency. While these symptoms are not specific to VSS, they are often experienced by individuals with visual disturbances, and NORT’s focus on eye-brain coordination and visual acuity improvement can have a therapeutic effect on these related conditions as well. My visual acuity and sharpness improved, allowing objects to appear more defined and distinguishable, even with the subtle layer of static that persisted. For me, this led to a marked improvement in visual clarity and object definition, which made daily tasks such as reading, screen time, and driving much more comfortable and manageable.

Importantly, although NORT did not directly address my non-visual symptoms, the improvement in visual function had a secondary, positive impact on my overall well-being. As my vision became clearer and more defined, the non-visual burdens associated with VSS, such as anxiety, stress, and depersonalization, were alleviated. These benefits align with research suggesting that visual rehabilitation can contribute to a reduction in related emotional distress, as clearer vision can lead to improved self-perception and coping ability in individuals with chronic visual conditions. NORT offered not only tangible improvements in my visual symptoms but also significant enhancements in my quality of life.

5. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) to Alleviate VSS Symptoms

While the Visual Snow Initiative (VSI) supported the fMRI brain imaging component of Dr. Sui Wong’s MBCT-VSS research to assess any measurable improvements in brain activity following MBCT, I had not yet undergone the therapy myself. However, early findings from Dr. Wong’s study were receiving considerable praise within the neuro-ophthalmological community, including from founding members of our VSS Global Research Team, such as Dr. Owen White. These promising, though unpublished, results were shared at the annual meeting of NANOS (North American Neuro-Ophthalmological Society), an organization that later awarded Dr. Wong for her groundbreaking work upon its publication. Dr. Wong’s study, conducted in collaboration with VSI and Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation, was titled “Visual Snow Syndrome Improves With Modulation of Resting-State Functional MRI Connectivity After Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: An Open-Label Feasibility Study” and was later published in the Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology.

Although Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Therapy (NORT) had significantly improved my visual functioning and quality of life, some non-visual, more neurologically focused symptoms, along with a light layer of VSS static, persisted. Given the positive early feedback surrounding MBCT’s potential to alleviate symptoms in VSS, I was curious whether it could provide further benefits. While I anticipated that MBCT might help with non-visual symptoms, I was pleasantly surprised by its significant impact on my visual symptoms as well.

On a personal note, as cliché as it may sound, I feel that MBCT has made me a better person both physically and mentally. The therapy helped alleviate non-visual symptoms such as anxiety, depression, depersonalization, brain fog, paresthesia, insomnia, and sensory disturbances. Although I had hoped for these benefits, I did not expect to see a further reduction in my visual snow/static and tinnitus. Calming my nervous system allowed me to reduce these symptoms and take control over retraining my brain to filter out the remaining ones. After completing the two-month program, I experienced substantial improvement in my overall well-being. While I had to rearrange a few sessions, I was able to complete the full regimen, and MBCT also helped me manage catastrophic thinking. This, in turn, alleviated some of the PTSD I had developed due to the challenges of my VSS journey.

To this day, I continue to apply the practical tools and techniques I learned through MBCT in my daily life. These tools have had lasting benefits that extend beyond VSS symptoms, highlighting the broader value of MBCT. Not only does it aid in VSS management, but it also supports overall neurological health, helps mitigate excitability in the brain, and fosters emotional well-being. Scientific evidence, particularly through fMRI imaging, demonstrates that brain networks in individuals with VSS can potentially change through MBCT, especially the salience and visual networks, which aligns with my personal experience.

For more details on my experience with Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Visual Snow Syndrome and related scientific research, please refer to this article: “Unlocking the Potential of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) to Manage Neurological Conditions Like Visual Snow Syndrome” by Sierra Domb.

6. Getting Sufficient Sleep for Managing Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS)

Getting sufficient sleep whenever possible and optimizing my sleep environment is essential in managing my VSS. Whenever I get less than five hours of sleep, my VSS symptoms become noticeably worse. While it may not be immediately obvious, sleep plays a critical role in neuro-ophthalmological health, which includes the complex relationship between the nervous system and the visual system. 

In my case, sleep has not eliminated Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), but it has a significant modulatory effect on symptom severity. When I experience insufficient or poor-quality sleep, my VSS symptoms tend to become markedly exacerbated. Conversely, when I obtain adequate and restorative sleep, the intensity of my symptoms diminishes, making the condition more manageable. Therefore, I prioritize sleep hygiene and strive to maintain consistent sleep duration and quality whenever feasible.

Naturally, sleep disruption, like stress, is at times unavoidable. During these instances, I acknowledge that a temporary worsening of symptoms may occur. On such days, I apply the strategies outlined throughout this Q&A to mitigate symptom severity until my sleep cycle stabilizes. Once I resume consistent, high-quality sleep, my symptoms often return to baseline or improve substantially.

Additionally, I have observed that sufficient sleep appears to enhance my perceptual filtering and reduce symptom salience. This may be attributed to sleep’s role in maintaining overall neurological function, including synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter regulation, and functional connectivity between visual and cognitive processing regions. While sleep is not a cure for VSS, it is a critical factor in symptom modulation and neurological resilience.

The brain and eyes are intricately connected, with the visual system sending information to the brain for processing and interpretation. Sleep deprivation disrupts this vital communication, which can lead to impairments in visual perception, attention, and cognitive processing. Scientific research has shown that sleep supports brain-eye communication, promoting optimal visual function and cognitive performance. In conditions like VSS, adequate sleep is essential to maintain these connections. It aids in neuronal repair, synaptic plasticity, and overall brain health, which is crucial for managing neurological disorders.

Moreover, sufficient sleep enhances visual processing and integration, which is essential for tasks such as object recognition, spatial awareness, visual attention, and depth perception. Lack of sleep can increase the risk of visual disturbances, such as eye fatigue and diplopia (double vision), which are common in VSS. By ensuring restful sleep, I can reduce the intensity of these symptoms, making daily activities more manageable.

In my own experience, my insomnia improved as my VSS symptoms did, but I still occasionally struggle with sleep due to other preexisting medical conditions, including more infrequent VSS symptoms such as tinnitus. To support better sleep, I try to create a cooler bedroom environment, as heat can negatively impact my sleep quality. Although some people with VSS prefer complete darkness, I find that a dim light source helps mask the remaining visual symptoms I experience while sleeping.

For sound, I use a fan to help drown out tinnitus, as it is a cost-effective alternative to white noise machines. This creates a more soothing environment for sleep. While I try to avoid screen time before bed, I occasionally want to watch shows, videos, or scroll through my phone. In these cases, I use a chromatic filter or adjust the brightness and temperature on my devices to minimize the impact of blue light, which can contribute to eye strain and interfere with sleep. These small adjustments help prevent sleep disturbances and ensure that I get the rest needed to manage my symptoms.

7. Training the Brain: Cognitive Strategies and Neuroplasticity in Visual Snow Syndrome

Shifting focus away from visual disturbances and concentrating on the people, places, or objects beyond them has been shown to improve symptom management in individuals with VSS. This strategy became notably easier following Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Therapy (NORT). Consistent practice of this technique has been demonstrated to retrain the brain by teaching it that VSS symptoms, though uncomfortable, are not threatening. Research in neuroplasticity suggests that the brain can learn to “filter out” non-threatening sensory stimuli over time, making these disturbances less prominent. This process is supported by alterations in neurotransmitter activity, specifically the modulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are crucial in mood regulation and perceptual processing.

Studies have shown that redirecting attention away from visual disturbances can reduce the fear responses associated with them, leading to a decrease in their perceived intensity. Over time, with sustained practice, the brain’s ability to suppress these disturbances becomes more efficient. For some individuals, this may require conscious, deliberate effort, while others may experience automatic adjustments.

In my own experience, and supported by clinical observations, this technique contributed to significant improvements in quality of life, comfort, and daily functioning, as well as a reduction in symptom awareness. Neuroplastic changes facilitated by NORT played a key role in this process, enhancing visual acuity and object recognition. As a result, objects beyond the visual disturbances became easier to focus on, as they were more clearly defined and identifiable.

8. Light-Moderate Exercise to Influence Brain Health

Personally, I do not engage in intense exercise because it tends to cause fluctuations in my VSS symptoms. However, I have found that light-to-moderate exercise significantly helps improve my VSS symptoms without overwhelming my body. My goal is not to push myself beyond my limits, but rather to maintain physical and mental health while reaping the neurological benefits.

Exercise has been shown to have a positive impact on brain health by influencing key neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. These systems are crucial for mood regulation and overall cognitive function, which is particularly important for those living with Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), a neurological condition affecting visual processing. Additionally, exercise increases the production of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), a protein essential for neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity. BDNF plays a pivotal role in supporting the function of the nervous system and has been linked to improved cognitive function, mood regulation, and neuronal health.

In the context of VSS, which is thought to involve dysfunctions in visual processing and central nervous system connectivity, the effects of exercise can be particularly beneficial. Regular physical activity not only stimulates neurogenesis (the growth of new neurons) but also enhances synaptic plasticity, which may help improve the brain’s ability to adapt and rewire itself. These changes can lead to better integration of visual information and a reduction in the severity of VSS symptoms. Furthermore, exercise has been linked to improvements in cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and executive function, all of which are critical for overall neurological well-being.

Aerobic exercise, in particular, promotes better blood flow to the brain, which supports neurogenesis and overall brain health. This increased blood circulation can help deliver essential nutrients to the brain and improve brain function, making it a valuable tool in managing not only VSS symptoms but also stress and cognitive fatigue often experienced by those with neurological conditions.

For me, light exercise has become a vital part of my routine. It helps to calm my nervous system, reduce stress, and even improve the intensity of my VSS symptoms. Although I am mindful not to overdo it, I have noticed real benefits in both my body and mind from incorporating physical activity into my life. It’s a small but powerful tool that helps me take care of myself while managing my VSS. I continue to see the value in giving my brain and body what they need to stay strong (without pushing too hard).

9. Prioritizing Stress Reduction Amidst Medical Challenges (Realistically)

Stress is an unavoidable part of life, and it affects everyone at some point. However, for individuals with Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS), stress can have a direct impact on the severity of symptoms. Research suggests that stress can trigger neurophysiological changes that amplify the perception of visual disturbances, including the visual static characteristic of VSS. These changes may involve heightened activity in areas of the brain responsible for sensory processing and emotional regulation, including the visual cortex and limbic system. For more on this, please refer to the answer to the previous Q&A question: Does stress make Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) worse?

When stress leads to a flare-up of symptoms, I prioritize setting boundaries and removing myself from stressful situations whenever possible. Although it is not always feasible, I aim to protect my health whenever I can. There are occasions when I may push through despite a flare-up, if I feel capable of doing so, but I acknowledge and accept the potential consequences of that choice.

In our society, stress is inevitable. I have learned to accept that it will sometimes impact my physical and mental health, including my VSS symptoms. During these times, I remind myself that even if my symptoms flare up, they tend to return to baseline, as has been the case in previous instances. I choose not to live a life entirely void of stress because that would mean I am not fully engaged with life. Stress, although challenging, is part of the human experience and has evolutionary significance in preparing the body for action. The relationship between stress and VSS, however, suggests that the prolonged activation of the body’s stress response system can exacerbate neurological symptoms and increase sensitivity to stimuli.

I have learned to recognize my limits and the potential negative health consequences of chronic stress. Neuroscientific studies indicate that sustained stress can lead to changes in brain structures, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, which are involved in memory, emotional regulation, and decision-making. Chronic stress can impair cognitive function and may increase the perception of sensory disturbances like those seen in VSS. While I continue to work hard and face stress like others, I also make a conscious effort to take breaks when needed, communicate openly about my health, set boundaries, and seek support when necessary. I engage in activities that promote nervous system health and relaxation, which vary from person to person. For me, these include relaxing in nature, photography, watching calming animal videos, drawing or painting, and spending time with friends and family. 

The one constant relationship you will have throughout your entire life is the one with yourself. It is essential to be kind to your mind and body; prioritizing your health is not only acceptable, but necessary. Some medical professionals may suggest eliminating stress altogether, which is idealistic and well-intentioned, but often feels unrealistic in daily life. If completely eliminating stress feels impossible in today’s world, that is okay, relatable, and completely understandable. Limit stress when you can, and when you cannot, be kind to yourself. Allow yourself to make your well-being a priority, even if only for a moment, even amid life’s inevitable challenges.

10. Shifting My Perspective: Navigating VSS with Purpose and Reflection

Additional Q: How do you feel about the term, “VSS Sufferer?”

There are days when the emotional toll of living with Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) or any condition can feel overwhelming. It is okay to feel that way, to break down, and to acknowledge the pain. But I also believe it is important to honor our courage, celebrate small wins, and meet ourselves with compassion, wherever we are.

As I reflect on my journey, I recognize that VSS, along with my other medical challenges, whether visible or invisible, has profoundly shaped my life. However, while these experiences have influenced how I see the world and navigate it, they do not fully define who I am. I could not control what happened to me, but I could choose how I responded. For me, that meant transforming my pain into purpose. Channeling my fear, frustration, and grief into something constructive became my way of coping with the injustice and mistreatment I experienced.

Through the profound medical challenges I faced, I discovered a strength I did not know I had: the ability to persevere, grow from each experience, learn new skills, and use what I went through to make a positive impact for others of all ages around the world. There is truth to the saying, “When life hands you lemons, you make lemonade.” While it is often overused and a bit cliché, this phrase resonates with the context of my medical odyssey with VSS. I did not ask for these lemons, nor did I want them, but they were handed to me. I chose to turn them into a catalyst for progress, something good for the world. This is how I found my way to cope, and in doing so, I found a way to help change the course of my condition and help others along the way. 

The perseverance I have shown in the face of VSS is something I believe is worth acknowledging to myself, perhaps even more so than the challenges themselves. By focusing on resilience and what is within my control, I can shift my focus away from the condition and highlight my sense of agency, strength, and adaptability, even during difficult times. I completely recognize that this approach may not work for everyone, but it has been personally helpful to me.

A medical condition may alter your path, but it does not diminish your worth. Our experiences, strengths, and contributions still matter. While I acknowledge and accept the reality of medical hardships, I cope by taking action to address them. If I cannot fix them, I allow myself to feel upset. I also remind myself to be kind and remember that, while circumstances beyond my control may affect me, they do not define my character.

In the early days of my VSS journey, and during the first Visual Snow Conference in 2018, I referred to myself as a “VSS sufferer,” a term that felt honest but also heavy. However, a pivotal moment came when Matthew Renze, a friend of the Visual Snow Initiative (VSI) and the first person with VSS I ever met in person, encouraged me to reframe my mindset. Instead of saying I “suffer” from VSS, he suggested that I say I “have” VSS or that I am “living with” it.

While I understand that the term “sufferer” may resonate with some, and I respect that it can be part of the healing process for many, I no longer use it to describe myself. The language we choose holds more significance than just words; it shapes how we perceive our journey. Referring to myself as a “sufferer” sometimes reinforced feelings of helplessness and powerlessness. While those feelings are completely valid, acknowledging that I “have” VSS, rather than solely identifying as someone who “suffers from” it, has helped me shift toward a greater sense of agency and compassion for myself.

Life is full of contrasts, and I believe we can embrace both the challenges and the joys, the good and the bad. It is all part of the human experience. Life involves facts, nuance, and balance. If I am willing to acknowledge what is difficult, I also make a conscious effort to recognize what is meaningful, fulfilling, and good. Describing oneself solely through the lens of a medical condition or the suffering it may cause can limit one’s sense of identity. It may overlook personal interests, values, and accomplishments, which are elements that I feel also deserve space and recognition. I have found that referring to myself as a “sufferer” can sometimes feel limiting or reductive, and may unintentionally reinforce stigmas that define those with VSS by their pain alone. In truth, VSS varies greatly in how it affects each individual. Every experience is valid, and the words someone chooses to describe their journey are deeply personal.

Adopting a realistic mindset, demonstrating resilience, and embracing healthy coping strategies have helped me manage VSS and navigate the associated medical trauma more effectively. Rather than dwelling on the difficulties of VSS, I have found it more helpful to focus on what I am still capable of doing and what brings me a sense of purpose or joy. While it is natural to experience frustration or sadness in response to symptoms, reframing my thoughts has helped me reduce stress and support both my emotional and physical well-being. 

I believe it is important to celebrate even small victories and to be kind to ourselves when things feel hard. It is okay to have tough days and take breaks when needed. Empower yourself with self-compassion and healthy outlets that make you happy. I also encourage others to take the initiative to learn about their condition and stay informed on the latest research, treatment options, advocacy efforts, and self-care practices that can enhance their quality of life, just as I did.

When I founded the Visual Snow Initiative, it was in response to the lack of awareness, answers, and hope I encountered at the beginning of my journey. I wanted to help create the very things I had longed for: research, resources, recognition, and realistic solutions. What started as a deeply personal need grew into something I hoped would help others as well. I immersed myself in neuroscience, sought evidence-based approaches to improve my own condition, and applied what I learned to both my health and my work. Over time, my symptoms improved, but the experience left a lasting imprint on my life, and I will never forget what it was like to live through it or what it is still like for so many individuals around the world.

Had I not experienced the onset of Visual Snow Syndrome at 21 years old, I may never have learned the value of turning adversity into a catalyst for positive change. The Visual Snow Initiative might never have come to be. While I would never wish the pain I went through on anyone, not even my past self, I am grateful for the strength I found in myself to keep moving forward. I turned what was an agonizing and isolating experience into something positive, not just for me, but for individuals of all ages worldwide facing similar struggles. I am deeply thankful to those who have walked with me and offered their belief in this cause. Your support has meant more than words can truly express.

To anyone navigating Visual Snow Syndrome or any medical challenge, I know there is no one-size-fits-all approach. Each journey is deeply personal. Seeking knowledge, finding moments of peace and connection, and discovering what brings you joy despite limitations can be meaningful steps forward. Whether you are just beginning your journey or facing its more uncertain moments, please know that you are not alone. There is quiet strength in simply continuing, even when the path feels unclear. Even in the midst of difficulty, moments of happiness can still appear, sometimes through intentional acts, and other times in ways we least expect.

Note: Many of my VSS symptoms also improved or completely resolved over time. While this has been the case for me and some others, it does not apply to everyone.

For me, there was no single method that addressed all aspects of my VSS. Instead, a combination of approaches led to gradual improvement in both my visual and non-visual symptoms, with some even resolving completely. However, VSS affects each person differently. The specific symptoms, their intensity, the timing of onset, medical history, and personal experiences all shape how individuals experience the condition.

I understand that many living with VSS still face significant challenges, and their symptoms continue to impact their quality of life. What has helped me may not work for everyone, but I hope that sharing what has been beneficial for me, along with further information in these Q&A articles, has provided some helpful insights.

Your support of our efforts means the world, and I am hopeful that we can continue our work through the Visual Snow Initiative. Our aim is to further understand and research VSS, with the hope of one day finding solutions for individuals of all ages affected by the condition. While that may sound idealistic, I have always tried my best, and my work since founding VSI has been deeply motivated by the desire to help others.